2013

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Effective and Robust Query-Based Stemming
Jiaul H. Paik | Swapan K. Parui | Dipasree Pal | Stephen E. Robertson
2013 Volume 31 Issue 4

2012

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A domain-independent approach to finding related entities
Olga Vechtomova | Stephen E. Robertson
2012 Volume 48 Issue 4

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On real-time ad-hoc retrieval evaluation
Stephen E. Robertson | Evangelos Kanoulas
The 35th International ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR '12, Portland, OR, USA, August 12-16, 2012

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On per-topic variance in IR evaluation
Stephen E. Robertson | Evangelos Kanoulas
The 35th International ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR '12, Portland, OR, USA, August 12-16, 2012

2010

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Extending average precision to graded relevance judgments
Stephen E. Robertson | Evangelos Kanoulas | Emine Yilmaz
Proceeding of the 33rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2010, Geneva, Switzerland, July 19-23, 2010

2009

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The Probabilistic Relevance Framework: BM25 and Beyond
Stephen E. Robertson | Hugo Zaragoza
2009 Volume 3 Issue 4

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Advances in Information Retrieval Theory, Second International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval, ICTIR 2009, Cambridge, UK, September 10-12, 2009, Proceedings

Advances in Information Retrieval Theory, Second International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval, ICTIR 2009, Cambridge, UK, September 10-12, 2009, Proceedings

2007

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Ambiguous requests: implications for retrieval tests, systems and theories
Karen Sparck Jones | Stephen E. Robertson | Mark Sanderson
2007 Volume 41 Issue 2

2006

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On document relevance and lexical cohesion between query terms
Olga Vechtomova | Murat Karamuftuoglu | Stephen E. Robertson
2006 Volume 42 Issue 5

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Window-based Enterprise Expert Search
Wei Lu | Stephen E. Robertson | Andrew MacFarlane | Haozhen Zhao
Proceedings of the Fifteenth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2006, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 14-17, 2006

2005

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On Event Spaces and Probabilistic Models in Information Retrieval
Stephen E. Robertson
2005 Volume 8 Issue 2

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Relevance weighting for query independent evidence
Nick Craswell | Stephen E. Robertson | Hugo Zaragoza | Michael J. Taylor
SIGIR 2005: Proceedings of the 28th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Salvador, Brazil, August 15-19, 2005

2004

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A new unified probabilistic model
David Bodoff | Stephen E. Robertson
2004 Volume 55 Issue 6

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Microsoft Cambridge at TREC 13: Web and Hard Tracks
Hugo Zaragoza | Nick Craswell | Michael J. Taylor | Suchi Saria | Stephen E. Robertson
Proceedings of the Thirteenth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2004, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 16-19, 2004

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Exploiting hyperlink recommendation evidence in navigational web search
Trystan Upstill | Stephen E. Robertson
SIGIR 2004: Proceedings of the 27th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Sheffield, UK, July 25-29, 2004

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Parsimonious language models for information retrieval
Djoerd Hiemstra | Stephen E. Robertson | Hugo Zaragoza
SIGIR 2004: Proceedings of the 27th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Sheffield, UK, July 25-29, 2004

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Simple BM25 extension to multiple weighted fields
Stephen E. Robertson | Hugo Zaragoza | Michael J. Taylor
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, Washington, DC, USA, November 8-13, 2004

2003

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Challenges in information retrieval and language modeling: report of a workshop held at the center for intelligent information retrieval, University of Massachusetts Amherst, September 2002
James Allan | Jay Aslam | Nicholas J. Belkin | Chris Buckley | James P. Callan | W. Bruce Croft | Susan T. Dumais | Norbert Fuhr | Donna Harman | David J. Harper | Djoerd Hiemstra | Thomas Hofmann | Eduard H. Hovy | Wessel Kraaij | John D. Lafferty | Victor Lavrenko | David D. Lewis | Liz Liddy | R. Manmatha | Andrew McCallum | Jay M. Ponte | John M. Prager | Dragomir R. Radev | Philip Resnik | Stephen E. Robertson | Ronald Rosenfeld | Salim Roukos | Mark Sanderson | Richard M. Schwartz | Amit Singhal | Alan F. Smeaton | Howard R. Turtle | Ellen M. Voorhees | Ralph M. Weischedel | Jinxi Xu | ChengXiang Zhai
2003 Volume 37 Issue 1

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Applying Machine Learning to Text Segmentation for Information Retrieval
Xiangji Huang | Fuchun Peng | Dale Schuurmans | Nick Cercone | Stephen E. Robertson
2003 Volume 6 Issue 3-4

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Query Expansion with Long-Span Collocates
Olga Vechtomova | Stephen E. Robertson | Susan Jones
2003 Volume 6 Issue 2

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On Collection Size and Retrieval Effectiveness
David Hawking | Stephen E. Robertson
2003 Volume 6 Issue 1

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Microsoft Cambridge at TREC-12: HARD track
Stephen E. Robertson | Hugo Zaragoza | Michael J. Taylor
Proceedings of The Twelfth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2003, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 18-21, 2003

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Building a filtering test collection for TREC 2002
Ian Soboroff | Stephen E. Robertson
SIGIR 2003: Proceedings of the 26th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, July 28 - August 1, 2003, Toronto, Canada

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Parallel Computing for Term Selection in Routing/Filtering
Andy MacFarlane | Stephen E. Robertson | Julie A. McCann
Advances in Information Retrieval, 25th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2003, Pisa, Italy, April 14-16, 2003, Proceedings

2002

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Comparing the Performance of Adaptive Filtering and Ranked Output Systems
Stephen E. Robertson
2002 Volume 5 Issue 2-3

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Threshold Setting and Performance Optimization in Adaptive Filtering
Stephen E. Robertson
2002 Volume 5 Issue 2-3

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Introduction to the Special Issue: Overview of the TREC Routing and Filtering Tasks
Stephen E. Robertson
2002 Volume 5 Issue 2-3

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The TREC 2002 Filtering Track Report
Stephen E. Robertson | Ian Soboroff
Proceedings of The Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2002, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 19-22, 2002

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Microsoft Cambridge at TREC 2002: Filtering Track
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | Hugo Zaragoza | Ralf Herbrich
Proceedings of The Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2002, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 19-22, 2002

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Relative and absolute term selection criteria: a comparative study for English and Japanese IR
Tetsuya Sakai | Stephen E. Robertson
SIGIR 2002: Proceedings of the 25th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, August 11-15, 2002, Tampere, Finland

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Using self-supervised word segmentation in Chinese information retrieval
Fuchun Peng | Xiangji Huang | Dale Schuurmans | Nick Cercone | Stephen E. Robertson
SIGIR 2002: Proceedings of the 25th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, August 11-15, 2002, Tampere, Finland

2001

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Deciphering cluster representations
Yasemin Kural | Stephen E. Robertson | Susan Jones
2001 Volume 37 Issue 4

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Flexible Pseudo-Relevance Feedback for NTCIR-2
Tetsuya Sakai | Stephen E. Robertson | Stephen Walker
Proceedings of the Third Second Workshop Meeting on Evaluation of Chinese & Japanese Text Retrieval and Text Summarization, NTCIR-2, Tokyo, Japan, March 7-9, 2001

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The TREC 2001 Filtering Track Report
Stephen E. Robertson | Ian Soboroff
Proceedings of The Tenth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2001, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 13-16, 2001

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TREC-10 Web Track Experiments at MSRA
Jianfeng Gao | Guihong Cao | Hongzhao He | Min Zhang | Jian-Yun Nie | Steve Walker | Stephen E. Robertson
Proceedings of The Tenth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2001, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 13-16, 2001

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Microsoft Cambridge at TREC-10: Filtering and Web Tracks
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | Hugo Zaragoza
Proceedings of The Tenth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2001, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 13-16, 2001

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Flexible Pseudo-Relevance Feedback Using Optimization Tables
Tetsuya Sakai | Stephen E. Robertson
SIGIR 2001: Proceedings of the 24th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, September 9-13, 2001, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

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Effective Site Finding Using Link Anchor Information
Nick Craswell | David Hawking | Stephen E. Robertson
SIGIR 2001: Proceedings of the 24th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, September 9-13, 2001, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

2000

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Salton Award Lecture: On theoretical argument in information retrieval
Stephen E. Robertson
2000 Volume 34 Issue 1

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A probabilistic model of information retrieval: development and comparative experiments - Part 2
Karen Sparck Jones | Steve Walker | Stephen E. Robertson
2000 Volume 36 Issue 6

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A probabilistic model of information retrieval: development and comparative experiments - Part 1
Karen Sparck Jones | Steve Walker | Stephen E. Robertson
2000 Volume 36 Issue 6

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Experimentation as a way of life: Okapi at TREC
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu
2000 Volume 36 Issue 1

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Parallel Search Using Partitioned Inverted Files
Andrew MacFarlane | Julie A. McCann | Stephen E. Robertson
Seventh International Symposium on String Processing and Information Retrieval, SPIRE 2000, A Coruña, Spain, September 27-29, 2000

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The TREC-9 Filtering Track Final Report
Stephen E. Robertson | David A. Hull
Proceedings of The Ninth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2000, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 13-16, 2000

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Microsoft Cambridge at TREC-9: Filtering Track
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker
Proceedings of The Ninth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 2000, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 13-16, 2000

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Salton Award Lecture: On theoretical argument in information retrieval
Stephen E. Robertson
SIGIR 2000: Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, July 24-28, 2000, Athens, Greece

1999

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The TREC-9 Filtering Track
David A. Hull | Stephen E. Robertson
1999 Volume 33 Issue 2

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Editorial
Paul B. Kantor | Stephen E. Robertson
1999 Volume 1 Issue 1-2

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The TREC-8 Filtering Track Final Report - Figures
David A. Hull | Stephen E. Robertson
Proceedings of The Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1999, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 17-19, 1999

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The TREC-8 Filtering Track Final Report
David A. Hull | Stephen E. Robertson
Proceedings of The Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1999, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 17-19, 1999

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PLIERS at TREC8
Andrew MacFarlane | Stephen E. Robertson | Julie A. McCann
Proceedings of The Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1999, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 17-19, 1999

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PLIERS at TREC8 - Appendix
Andrew MacFarlane | Stephen E. Robertson | Julie A. McCann
Proceedings of The Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1999, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 17-19, 1999

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Okapi/Keenbow at TREC-8
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker
Proceedings of The Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1999, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 17-19, 1999

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Clustering Information Retrieval Search Outputs
Yasemin Kural | Stephen E. Robertson | Susan Jones
Challenge of Image Retrieval, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. 25-26 February 1999

1998

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Cyril W. Cleverdon (In Memoriam)
Stephen E. Robertson
1998 Volume 49 Issue 10

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PLIERS AT VLC2
Andrew MacFarlane | Stephen E. Robertson | Julie A. McCann
Proceedings of The Seventh Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1998, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 9-11, 1998

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Okapi at TREC-7: Automatic Ad Hoc, Filtering, VLC and Interactive
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu
Proceedings of The Seventh Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1998, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 9-11, 1998

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Evaluation of Interfaces for IRS: Modelling End-User Searching Behaviour
Victoria Manglano | Micheline Beaulieu | Stephen E. Robertson
20th Annual BCS-IRSG Colloquium on IR, Autrans, France. 25th-27th March 1998

1997

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Okapi Chinese Text Retrieval Experiments at TREC-6
Xiangji Huang | Stephen E. Robertson
Proceedings of The Sixth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1997, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 19-21, 1997

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Okapi at TREC-6 Automatic ad hoc, VLC, routing, filtering and QSDR
Steve Walker | Stephen E. Robertson | Mohand Boughanem | Gareth J. F. Jones | Karen Sparck Jones
Proceedings of The Sixth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1997, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 19-21, 1997

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On Relevance Weights with Little Relevance Information
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker
SIGIR '97: Proceedings of the 20th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, July 27-31, 1997, Philadelphia, PA, USA

1996

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Evaluating Interactive Systems in TREC
Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu | Stephen E. Robertson | Edie M. Rasmussen
1996 Volume 47 Issue 1

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Okapi at TREC-5
Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu | Mike Gatford | Xiangji Huang | Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | P. W. Williams
Proceedings of The Fifth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1996, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 20-22, 1996

1995

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Large Test Collection Experiments on an Operational, Interactive System: Okapi at TREC
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu
1995 Volume 31 Issue 3

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Interactive Thesaurus Navigation: Intelligence Rules OK?
Susan Jones | Mike Gatford | Stephen E. Robertson | Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu | Judith Secker | Steve Walker
1995 Volume 46 Issue 1

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Okapi at TREC-4
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu | Mike Gatford | A. Payne
Proceedings of The Fourth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1995, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 1-3, 1995

1994

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Okapi at TREC-3
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | Susan Jones | Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu | Mike Gatford
Proceedings of The Third Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1994, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 2-4, 1994

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Some Simple Effective Approximations to the 2-Poisson Model for Probabilistic Weighted Retrieval
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker
Proceedings of the 17th Annual International ACM-SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Dublin, Ireland, 3-6 July 1994 (Special Issue of the SIGIR Forum)

1993

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Workshop Report - Use of Training Materials in Constructing Routing Queries
William S. Cooper | Stephen E. Robertson
Proceedings of The Second Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1993, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, August 31 - September 2, 1993

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Okapi at TREC-2
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | Susan Jones | Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu | Mike Gatford
Proceedings of The Second Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1993, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, August 31 - September 2, 1993

1992

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On the Evaluation of IR Systems
Stephen E. Robertson | Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu
1992 Volume 28 Issue 4

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Machine Learning and Relevance Feedback
Norbert Fuhr | Stephen E. Robertson
Proceedings of The First Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1992, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 4-6, 1992

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Okapi at TREC
Stephen E. Robertson | Steve Walker | Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu | Aarron Gull | Marianna Lau
Proceedings of The First Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1992, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 4-6, 1992

1991

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Evaluation of online catalogues: Eliciting information from the user
Micheline Hancock-Beaulieu | Stephen E. Robertson | Colin Neilson
1991 Volume 27 Issue 5

1990

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On sample sizes for non-matched-pair IR experiments
Stephen E. Robertson
1990 Volume 26 Issue 6

1982

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The Unified Probabilistic Model for IR
Stephen E. Robertson | M. E. Maron | William S. Cooper
Research and Development in Information Retrieval, Proceedings, Berlin, May 18-20, 1982

1981

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Term Frequency and Term Value
Stephen E. Robertson
Theoretical Issues in Information Retrieval, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Information Storage and Retrieval, Oakland, California, USA, May 31 - June 2, 1981

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Information Retrieval Research, Proc. Joint ACM/BCS Symposium in Information Storage and Retrieval, Cambridge, UK, June 1980

Information Retrieval Research, Proc. Joint ACM/BCS Symposium in Information Storage and Retrieval, Cambridge, UK, June 1980

1980

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Probabilistic Models of Indexing and Searching
Stephen E. Robertson | C. J. van Rijsbergen | Martin F. Porter
Information Retrieval Research, Proc. Joint ACM/BCS Symposium in Information Storage and Retrieval, Cambridge, UK, June 1980

1979

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On Fuzzy sets: Reply to Cerny
Stephen E. Robertson
1979 Volume 30 Issue 6

1978

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On the nature of fuzz: A diatribe
Stephen E. Robertson
1978 Volume 29 Issue 6

1977

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The probabilistic character of relevance
Stephen E. Robertson
1977 Volume 13 Issue 4

1976

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Relevance weighting of search terms
Stephen E. Robertson | Karen Spärck Jones
1976 Volume 27 Issue 3

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Information science and the phenomenon of information
Nicholas J. Belkin | Stephen E. Robertson
1976 Volume 27 Issue 4

1975

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Explicit and implicit variables in information retrieval (IR) systems
Stephen E. Robertson
1975 Volume 26 Issue 4

1974

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In Defence of Relevance
Stephen E. Robertson | William S. Cooper
1974 Volume 25 Issue 3

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