Between Terms and Words for European Language IR and Between Words and Bigrams for Chinese IR.

@inproceedings{nie-1997-terms, author = {Jian-Yun Nie and Jean-Pierre Chevallet and Marie-France Bruandet}, editor = {Ellen M. Voorhees and Donna K. Harman}, title = {{Between Terms and Words for European Language IR and Between Words and Bigrams for Chinese IR}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of The Sixth Text REtrieval Conference, TREC 1997, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, November 19-21, 1997}}, series = {NIST Special Publication}, volume = {500-240}, pages = {697--709}, publisher = {National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)}, year = {1997}, url = {http://trec.nist.gov/pubs/trec6/papers/montreal.ps} }